Curriculum
Our mountain school curriculum is designed to make you a competent mountaineer. We believe this is best done in the mountains and not in a classroom or campus setting.
Leadership: Regardless of whether you are out with friends or if you are a guide, your leadership skills are an important ingredient of your success and safety in the mountains. Leadership development is an important part of the program and it is imbedded in all sections.
Backpacking & Adventure Hiking: Navigation and route finding in challenging terrain, river crossing and camping skills will all be covered during this section. We are also keen advocates of the Leave No Trace principal which will be introduced on this section and which will remain a constant thread throughout the semester (Fall Semester only).
Rock Climbing: In the spring and fall rock climbing is taught at one of the best climbing venues in Canada:Banff National Park or Skaha, BC. The huge variety of climbing makes it an ideal place to learn "sport" and "traditional" climbing techniques including leading and gear placements.
Ice Climbing: We have some of the best ice climbing in the world on our doorstep. The Canadian Rockies are world renowned for their ice climbing and we will conduct much of the training in the heart of it near the Columbia Icefields. We will teach you how to move on steep ice using all of the specialized equipment, advanced climbing techniques and placing and removing ice protection. We will be covering "mixed climbing" and you'll find 'dry tooling' a sure way to get you 'pumped'.
Mountaineering:Training takes place in some of the most remarkable terrain in the world. We teach you how to climb on snow, ice and alpine rock plus instruct you in glacier travel, crevasse rescue, route finding and navigation. All of this is combined with the ascent of several peaks. The final mountaineering expedition gives you the chance to organize and lead the trip under the watchful eye of our certified guides.
Backcountry Skiing: As with ice climbing we have world class backcountry skiing in the Canadian Rockies and in the Selkirk Range just to the west. Winter route finding, avalanche hazard assessment, glacier travel and winter camping skills are all covered. Canada is a world leader in avalanche training and Canadian Avalanche Association sanctioned certificates will be awarded on successful completion.
Rescue: We will introduce you to more rope rescue techniques and to the advanced skills needed to extract victims from remote settings and steep terrain. Invaluable knowledge to have in the mountains.
Wilderness First Responder: Part of the Semester is a professional level wilderness first aid course. The Wilderness First Responder Certificate course is run delivered by Rocky Mountain Adventure Medicine, North America's leading provider of wilderness 1st aid training. This 80 hour program trains you to deal with the treatment and evacuation of casualties in a remote setting. You will be certified with the industry standard for outdoor professionals.
Components of the Mountain Skills Semester
Mountain Hiking (Fall Semester Only)
Our introductory session for the semester will set the stage for travel in the mountains. This section will cover trip planning, navigational skills, map, compass and GPS. Food planning and preparation, Leave No Trace ethics, camping skills, cooking skills, group travel, hazard recognition and risk management, bear and predator awareness. The bonds that will last a lifetime are forged during this trip.
*Apprentice Interpreter Course, Interpretive Guides Association (IGA)
The Apprentice Interpreter Course is a 2-day program that is designed for students who are relatively new to interpretive guiding. It gives a basic introduction to effective interpretation skills, local natural history, cultural history and park management. This course is perfect for getting an overview of the Canadian Rockies and learning about basic guiding techniques.
Apprentice Hiking Guide
Successful completion of the two day IGA Apprentice Interpreter program combined with our MSS certification will result in an Apprentice Hiking Guide certification recognized by Parks Canada and is a requirement for day hiking guides working in the Parks.
Rock Climbing Mecca!
Rock Climbing
The rock climbing section covers the broad spectrum of climbing techniques. We start with the introductory skills of site safety, risk assessment, rope management, belaying, movement on rock and then progress as skills and confidence build. Over the duration of this section we will cover top-roped climbing, lead climbing, sport & Trad climbing, multi-pitch climbing, alpine scrambling and rock rescue. This is a comprehensive skills section that moves at the pace of the individual climber and builds on both beginner and intermediate skills alike.
Alpine Mountaineering
Taking our previous skills we move to vast and steep glaciated terrain. Our comprehensive skills section on alpine mountaineering is campsite based in view of to the glaciers and peaks of the Columbia Icefields. It is here that you will learn safe travel techniques and crevasse rescue skills on the largest icefields of Banff and Jasper National Park. Skills days will be interspersed with long mountaineering days on such objectives as Mt. Athabasca 3474m and others.
On the summit... Canadian Rockies
Alpine Expedition
An opportunity to take the skills acquired and through the expert oversight of mountain guides and lead an expedition to one of the 11,000 ft. peaks of the Canadian Rockies. The Alpine Expedition is a group led trip interspersed with instruction, coaching and guide mentorship. This gives participants the chance to test skills and new knowledge in an expedition setting. This is one of the more challenging and rewarding trips and is the culminating trip of the Spring semester.
*Wilderness First Responder - Rocky Mountain Adventure Medicine (RMAM)
This is an 80-hour theoretical and practical course on advanced wilderness first aid and medical emergencies. An industry standard course, our advanced adventure medic program is approved and recognized by the Association of Canadian Mountain Guides, American Mountain Guides Association, Sea Kayak Guides Alliance of BC and Alberta Workplace Health and Safety as the minimum requirement to progress into the outdoor recreation guiding profession.
*Avalanche Skills Training 1 (AST1)
A two-day course based on curriculum developed by the Canadian Avalanche Centre (CAC). One day in the classroom covering the theory behind the weather and avalanche phenomena, coupled with a practical touring day introducing the skills of snow pack analysis, companion and group rescue, terrain recognition skills as well as safe travel practice. This is the primary basis of traveling safely in the winter mountain environment and is a pre-requisite for professional avalanche training with the CAC.
On-Piste Ski Skills
During the winter portion of the semester we will spend a day in Lake Louise or Banff at one of the ski hills tuning up ski skills with intensive coaching and practice. This day will help set the stage for the backcountry skiing portion of the semester.
Ski Mountaineering
Ski mountaineering on Wapta Icefields, D. Waag.
Our backcountry skiing and ski mountaineering sections are designed to provide students with the skills they need to travel safely in the winter backcountry environment. We cover the basic techniques required for winter camping and survival as well as the specific skills needed to safely traverse glaciers, ski mountaineer to climb peaks, and route find in avalanche terrain. Most students with intermediate skiing abilities can build their skills and progress on to ski instructor training at the end of this section.
Waterfall Ice Climbing and Mixed Climbing
Our intent for this section is to allow the student to learn and use safe winter climbing practices in order to become a proficient climber on frozen waterfalls and in mixed terrain. Many of the world's best ice climbers have learned and progressed on the famous ice climbs of the Canadian Rockies. This section will introduce students to the technical skills required for top rope, lead and multi-pitch ice climbing in this world class area. Safe winter practices such as route finding, evaluating avalanche conditions and hazard management will be discussed. This is an excellent section in which students will progress according to their own comfort and physical ability levels.
*Avalanche Skills Training 2 (AST 2 - advanced avalanche awareness)
The Avalanche Skills Training 2 course takes place in Rogers Pass in the Selkirk Mountains. An area famous for its deep snowpack and world class backcountry skiing, Rogers Pass has the largest avalanche control program for highways and the railway in all of North America. This is an ideal location to learn about traveling in avalanche terrain and making the right decisions for personal and group safety.
The primary focus of the trip will be on advanced avalanche awareness, however integral to the section is advanced backcountry ski techniques, travel and powder skiing, snow shelter building and winter camping skills. This is the culminating trip of the Fall semester.
* Denotes a certification that the student will receive during the program which can be used for future employment in the Outdoor Recreation and Tourism field. Certification is subject to meeting the governing body standards.
Spring Semester
Orientation and Basic Ice Skills Day
Day 1: The mountain skills semester will start at the Yamnuska office at 9.00am. We will get to know the group that we will be spending the semester with and review the objectives and agenda of the program. The afternoon will involve heading to the local ice climbing area for an introduction to crampon and ice axe use.
Introduction to Ice Climbing
Day 2-3: Two days of basic skills training near Canmore. We introduce movement skills on progressively steeper ice and start learning the rope safety techniques that we will apply throughout the program.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Ice axe use and placement |
|
Guide book use |
Top rope belaying |
|
Grading systems |
Ice screw placement and evaluation |
|
Technical equipment familiarization |
Anchor construction |
|
Crampon techniques |
Equipment care and storage |
|
Climbing communication |
Route selection |
|
Safety checks |
Getting to know your fellow participants |
|
Basic movement skills |
|
Avalanche Skills Training – Level 1 – Classroom day
Day 4: Based on the curriculum developed by the Canadian Avalanche Centre the Avalanche Skills Training level 1 (AST 1) will be the base for avalanche risk management for the remaining winter sections of the MSS. This day will cover avalanche theory in the Yamnuska classroom.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Introduction to avalanche phenomena |
Trip planning |
|
Recognition of avalanche terrain |
Use of "Avaluator" risk assessment tool |
|
Changes in the mountain snowpack |
Theory and use of avalanche beacons |
|
Regional differences in snowpacks |
Companion rescue objectives |
Advanced Ice Climbing and Introduction to Mixed Climbing Skills
Day 5-10: Roadside seeps and frozen waterfalls have now become spectacular climbing challenges. For this section we base out of the Rampart creek hostel where we have numerous options for both ice and mixed climbing. The pace is stepped up to incorporate the skills required to lead and multi pitch climb. Mixed climbing skills will also be covered in this section.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Leading techniques for waterfall ice |
|
Avalanche danger and stability forecasting |
Lead belaying |
|
Route selection |
Safe positioning of belays for ice climbing |
|
Advanced movement skills |
Multi pitch skills for ice |
|
Student top rope set up |
Climb a multi pitch route |
|
Advanced anchor construction |
Equipment care and storage |
|
Rappelling |
Introduction to mixed climbing |
|
Descending systems |
|
Day 11: Day off in Canmore
Apprentice Interpreter Course- Interpretive Guides Association
Day 12-13: The apprentice Interpreter course will provide an excellent understanding of your surroundings on the MSS. Successful completion of both the Semester and this course will give you the certification necessary to guide day hikes in the national park. This course is conducted by the Interpretive Guides Association and will be held in the Yamnuska classroom and is a pass/fail course.
The following topics will be covered:
|
The basics of Canadian Rockies Geology |
Current park management issues & initiatives |
|
Introduction to glaciers and mountain weather |
An overview of interpretation |
|
Introduction to mountain ecosystems |
The basics of effective communication |
|
Eras of human presence - aboriginal to park creation |
How to build a thematic interpretive event |
|
Evolution of the park concept |
|
Downhill Ski Skills
Day 14: Today will be spent at one of the local ski hills brushing up on downhill ski techniques and introducing safe skiing practices that can be used in the backcountry. Objectives will be adjusted for the groups ski ability.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Assess the groups ski ability |
Manage difficult ski terrain safely |
|
Provide downhill ski instruction and tips |
Look at safe regrouping places |
|
Get mileage downhill skiing |
Choose appropriate pitch lengths to ski |
|
Introduce kick turns |
|
Backcountry Touring Day
Day 15: The first day of backcountry skiing on the spring semester. Using the skills of the previous two days we will apply them to a backcountry day tour in the area. Student leads with coaching on track setting, route selection and hazard management will be some of the objectives of the day. Basic avalanche rescue skills will also be covered.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Companion rescue practice |
|
Avalanche danger and stability forecasting |
Basic trail breaking and route finding |
|
Backcountry ski equipment use |
Skiing in backcountry snow |
|
Improving transition techniques |
Use safe ski practices |
|
Transceiver checks |
Group management |
|
Transceiver practice |
|
Introduction to Back Country Skiing (Boarding)
Day 16-19: This is the first tent based section of the spring semester. You will learn the skills of winter camping and cooking. The days will be spent completing the Avalanche Skills Training level 1 field components as well as beginning to refine route finding and track setting skills. Of course we will aim to ski some of the snow that makes the Rockies famous. The first day of this section is a prep day in Canmore where we will prepare food, tents, stoves and personal equipment. We will also cover ‘Leave no Trace’ practices, map and compass skills and trip planning.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Preparing packs, equipment and food |
Basic trail breaking techniques |
|
Navigation (map and compass use) |
Route finding |
|
Trip planning |
Skiing in backcountry snow |
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Use safe ski practices |
|
Avalanche danger and stability forecasting |
Group management |
|
Refine backcountry ski equipment use |
Practicing ‘Leave no Trace’ ethics |
|
Refine transition techniques |
Basic backcountry camping skills |
|
Transceiver checks |
Backcountry cooking skills |
|
Transceiver practice |
General movement and pacing skills |
|
Companion rescue practice |
|
Day 20: Day off in Canmore
Avalanche Skills Training - Level 2
Day 21-26: Based on the Canadian Avalanche Centre’s curriculum, the Avalanche Skills Training level 2 course provides advanced avalanche training in complex terrain. This section is focused on improving avalanche skills to a high level as we head into the steep and deep of the Rockies or the Selkirk Mountains. We look at practical application of recognizing, evaluating and mitigating avalanche hazard. The group will either be camping or using snow shelters. With completion of this section you will be well prepared to continue with the professional level courses offered by the Canadian Avalanche Association or similar courses in other countries. Day one of this section will be a prep day and will also cover more avalanche related material in the classroom.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Prepare food and equipment |
Receive feedback on leads in complex terrain |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
Mountain navigation practice |
|
Snow metamorphism |
Safe decision making |
|
Snow stability analysis |
Safe 'test' skiing |
|
Snow profiles, Rutsch blocks |
Backcountry skiing |
|
Shovel tests and additional field tests |
Use of snow shelters |
|
Weather, terrain and the snow pack |
Refine cooking skills |
|
Field observations |
Refine winter camping skills |
|
Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Advanced companion rescue practice |
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Advanced Transceiver searches |
Day 27-28: Days off in Canmore
Ski Mountaineering
Day 29-34: This section focuses on skiing in glaciated terrain. Instruction on glacier travel and crevasse rescue will progress into student lead climbs on the peaks of the Wapta Icefields.
Refining winter camping and cooking skills will also be a goal on. Day one of this section is a prep day.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Prepare food and equipment for an expedition |
Track setting |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
Ski mountaineering ascents |
|
Hazard recognition and management |
Receive feedback on leads |
|
Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Glacier travel in the winter |
|
Lead a ski mountaineering trip |
Crevasse rescue |
|
Mountain navigation refinement |
Personal care in winter conditions |
|
White out route plans |
Refine cooking skills |
|
Route finding |
Refine winter camping skills |
Day 35: Day off in Canmore
Advanced Adventure Medic
Day 36-45: This 80-hour professional level certification course is supplied by Rocky Mountain Adventure Medicine is the bench mark first aid course for working in the outdoor industry. It includes extensive outdoor simulations and oxygen therapy. Those passing the exam are certified for three years. There will be a day's break during the program which is intended for course study.
The following topics will be covered:
|
Hands-on simulations |
Improvisation Skills |
|
Accident Management |
Basic Search and Rescue |
|
Long Term Care of the Sick and Injured |
Patient Packaging |
|
Evacuation techniques |
Situation Leadership |
Course Break
Day 46-50: Your chance to take five days off and spend a little time on your own or plan a trip with some of your fellow group members. This is also a great time to go to the climbing gym to prepare for the next section.
Rock Climbing
Day 51-62: This is the longest segment of the spring Semester. As with the majority of the Mountain Skills Semester the rock climbing section is a hands on experience that will solidify your skills and knowledge. Having the basic technical skills from the ice climbing and ski mountaineering sections under our belts we will quickly progress towards leading on both bolted and naturally protected routes. Multi pitch skills and rock rescue will also be an integral part of this section.
Alpine rock scrambling will also be covered and is an important facet of mountaineering that requires an ability to quickly choose the appropriate technique for every situation so as to maximize both speed and safety. We will introduce peer short roping, natural belays and other important alpine rock climbing techniques.
Rock climbing takes place in either the Rockies on a variety of types of stone or at Skaha in BC's Okanagan Valley depending on weather conditions. A floating day off will be taken during the section and will be determined by the weather and energy levels.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Cleaning routes |
|
Guide book use |
Multi pitch skills |
|
Grading systems |
Climb a multi pitch route |
|
Route selection |
Alpine rock climbing rope techniques |
|
Basic movement skills |
Basic short roping skills |
|
Top rope and lead belaying review |
Alpine rock scrambling skills |
|
Anchor construction |
Introduction to short roping |
|
Rappelling |
Advanced movement skills |
|
Climbing communication review |
Rock rescue skills |
|
Safety checks |
Lead climbing skills on rock |
|
Traditional gear placement and evaluation |
Equipment care and storage |
Day 63: Day off in Canmore
Alpine Mountaineering
Day 64-70: What the Canadian Rockies are famous for! Instruction on glacier travel and advanced crevasse rescue will progress into student lead climbs on the peaks of the Columbia Icefields area. Skills for climbing multi pitch alpine ice routes will also be covered.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and management |
Glacier travel |
|
Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Crevasse rescue |
|
Refine navigation skills |
Review of screws and anchors |
|
Route selection |
Student lead peak ascents |
|
Review of crampon use |
Multi pitch alpine route |
|
Self arrest |
Alpine ice leading techniques |
|
Rope management in glaciated terrain |
Pacing |
Day 71-72: Days off in Canmore
Day 73-75: The ACMG’s Climbing Gym Instructor (CGI) level 1 course is the industry standard for indoor climbing instructors. The course will focus on learning the skills of instructing basic climbing techniques and belaying indoors. This course will be held in local gyms and will be instructed by ACMG instructors from Thompson Rivers University. It is a pass or fail course.
The following topics and exam areas will be covered:
|
Top rope and lead belay techniques |
Teaching top roping belaying techniques |
|
Lead and top rope climbing ability |
Teaching basic movement skills |
|
Movement techniques |
Teaching an advanced skill |
Alpine Expedition
Day 76-81: As a group you will face the challenges of traveling and climbing in a new alpine region and putting to use the skills you have learnt over the previous months. It is also a celebration of three months spent in the mountains. Areas used in the past have been: Mt Columbia, Ghost Valley Area, Mt Joffre, Mt Brazeau and others.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Prepare food and equipment for an expedition |
Route finding |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
A significant mountaineering ascent |
|
Hazard recognition and management |
Receive feedback on leads |
|
Lead an alpine expedition to a remote area |
Glacier travel |
|
Mountain navigation refinement |
Refine cooking skills |
|
White out route plans |
Refine winter camping skills |
Course debrief day and graduation dinner in Canmore
Day 82: Individual interviews with the instructors to properly debrief the program and an opportunity to plan how to further develop your mountaineering skills and career. This will be followed by a celebratory graduation dinner where you will be congratulated and awarded your certificates from the program.
Depart
Day 83: The course is closed and students head their ways after a great semester experience.
Fall Semester
Orientation and Preparation day
Day 1: The mountain skills semester will start at the Yamnuska office at 9.00am. We will get to know the group that we will be spending the semester with and review the objectives and agenda of the program. The afternoon will involve preparing food, tents, stoves and personal equipment for the first section. We will also cover ‘Leave no Trace’ practices.
Mountain Hiking and Navigation
Day 2 – 5: The first day of this section will build a solid foundation in mountain navigation before beginning our four day hike. The majority of our hike will be off trail to provide the best adventure and test for your navigation skills.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Preparing packs, equipment and food |
Basic backcountry camping skills |
|
Navigation (map and compass use) |
Backcountry cooking skills |
|
Trip planning |
General movement and pacing skills |
|
Route finding |
Getting to know your fellow participants |
|
Practicing ‘Leave no Trace’ ethics |
|
Day 6: Day off in Canmore
Rock Climbing
Day 7 - 21: This is the longest segment of the fall Semester. As with the majority of the Mountain Skills Semester (MSS) the rock climbing section is a hands on experience that will solidify your skills and knowledge. We will start from the basics of equipment familiarization, belaying and movement technique and progress to leading on both bolted and naturally protected routes.
Alpine rock scrambling will also be covered and is an important facet of mountaineering that requires an ability to quickly choose the appropriate technique for every situation so as to maximize both speed and safety. We will introduce peer short roping, natural belays and other important alpine rock climbing techniques.
Two days on this program may be spent indoors at a climbing gym. These days are designed to prepare students for the Climbing Gym Instructor’s course. They will be focused on indoor climbing techniques and learning to teach basic climbing skills indoors.
Rock climbing takes place in either the Rockies on a variety of types of stone or at Skaha in BC's Okanagan Valley depending on weather conditions. A floating day off will be taken during the section and will be determined by the weather and energy levels.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Technical equipment familiarization |
Climb a multi pitch route |
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Alpine rock climbing rope techniques |
|
Guide book use |
Basic short roping skills |
|
Basic movement skills |
Alpine rock scrambling skills |
|
Top rope and lead belaying |
Introduction to short roping |
|
Anchor construction |
Equipment care and storage |
|
Rappelling |
Advanced movement skills |
|
Climbing communication |
Basic rock rescue skills |
|
Safety checks |
Route selection |
|
Traditional gear placement and evaluation |
Indoor climbing skills |
|
Lead climbing skills |
Learn to teach basic climbing skills indoors |
|
Cleaning routes |
Grading systems |
|
Multi pitch skills |
|
Day 22-23: Day off in Canmore
Apprentice Interpreter Course- Interpretive Guides Association
Day 24 - 25: The apprentice Interpreter course will provide an excellent understanding of your surroundings on the MSS. Successful completion of both the Semester and this course will give you the certification necessary to guide day hikes in the national park. This course is conducted by the Interpretive Guides Association and will be held in the Yamnuska classroom and is a pass/fail course.
The following topics will be covered:
|
The basics of Canadian Rockies Geology |
Current park management issues & initiatives |
|
Introduction to glaciers and mountain weather |
An overview of interpretation |
|
Introduction to mountain ecosystems |
The basics of effective communication |
|
Eras of human presence - aboriginal to park creation |
How to build a thematic interpretive event |
|
Evolution of the park concept |
|
Alpine Mountaineering
Day 26-32: Training at Columbia Icefields
What the Canadian Rockies are famous for! Instruction on glacier travel and crevasse rescue will progress into student lead climbs on the peaks of the Columbia Icefields area. Skills for climbing multi pitch alpine ice routes will also be covered.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Crampon use |
Student lead peak ascents |
|
Self arrest |
Multi pitch alpine route |
|
Pacing |
Ice anchors |
|
Glacier travel |
Ice screw placement and evaluation |
|
Crevasse rescue |
Alpine ice leading techniques |
|
Route finding |
Rope management in glaciated terrain |
|
Hazard recognition and management |
Route selection |
|
Navigation practice |
|
Day 33-34: Days off in Canmore
Alpine Expedition
Day 35-40: As a group you will face the challenges of traveling and climbing in a new alpine region and putting to use the skills you have learnt over the previous weeks. This trip is student lead with coaching and feedback from your guides. The first day of this section will be a prep day for the trip. Areas used in the past have been: Mt Joffre area, Freshfields area, Mt Forbes, Mt Brazeau as well as others.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Prepare food and equipment for an expedition |
Refine mountain camping and cooking skills |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
Receive feedback on leads |
|
Lead an alpine climbing trip |
Refine rock and ice skills learned |
|
Mountain navigation practice |
Hazard recognition and management |
|
Peak ascent of a significant mountain |
|
Day 41: Day off in Canmore
Advanced Adventure Medic
Day 42-51: This 80-hour professional level certification course is supplied by Rocky Mountain Adventure Medicine is the bench mark first aid course for working in the outdoor industry. It includes extensive outdoor simulations and oxygen therapy. Those passing the exam are certified for three years. There will be a day's break during the program which is intended for course study.
The following topics will be covered:
|
Hands-on simulations |
Improvisation Skills |
|
Accident Management |
Basic Search and Rescue |
|
Long Term Care of the Sick and Injured |
Patient Packaging |
|
Evacuation techniques |
Situation Leadership |
Course Break
Day 52-56: Your chance to take five days off and spend a little time on your own or plan a trip with some of your fellow group members.
Avalanche Skills Training – Level 1
Day 57-58: Based on the curriculum developed by the Canadian Avalanche Centre the Avalanche Skills Training level 1 (AST1) will be the base for avalanche risk management for the remaining winter sections of the MSS. The first day will be theory in the Yamnuska classroom and second day is hands on in the field.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Introduction to avalanche phenomena |
Safety equipment |
|
Recognition of avalanche terrain |
Transceiver checks |
|
Use of "Avaluator" risk assessment tool |
Transceiver practice |
|
Changes in the mountain snowpack |
Snow profiles and field tests |
|
Regional differences in snowpacks |
Route selection |
|
Theory and use of avalanche beacons |
Companion rescue practice |
Downhill Ski Skills
Day 59: Today will be spent at one of the local ski hills brushing up on downhill ski techniques and introducing safe skiing practices that can be used in the backcountry. Objectives will be adjusted for the groups ski ability.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Assess the groups ski ability |
Manage difficult ski terrain safely |
|
Provide downhill ski instruction and tips |
Look at safe regrouping places |
|
Get mileage downhill skiing |
Choose appropriate pitch lengths to ski |
|
Introduce kick turns |
|
Ski Mountaineering
Day 60-66: Adapting previously learned glacier travel skills into the winter ski setting will be the main goal of this section. The huts on the Wapta Icefields north of Lake Louise are the typical venue for this trip. Day one of this section is a prep day.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and management |
Track setting |
|
Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Receive feedback on leads |
|
Prepare food and equipment for an expedition |
Route finding |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
Glacier travel in the winter |
|
Lead a ski mountaineering trip |
Advanced crevasse rescue |
|
Mountain navigation refinement |
White out route plans |
|
Ski mountaineering ascents |
Personal care in winter conditions |
Day 67: Day off in Canmore
Ice Climbing & Mixed Climbing
Day 68 - 74: Waterfall ice climbing has a different ambiance and feel from the climbing we’ve done up to this point. Roadside seeps and frozen waterfalls suddenly become spectacular climbing challenges. For this section we base out of the Rampart creek hostel where we have numerous options for both ice and mixed climbing. We spend the first couple of days learning and refining the basic skills used for climbing this unique medium and then the pace is stepped up to the skills of leading and multi pitch climbing.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Multi pitch skills for ice |
|
Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Complete a multi pitch route |
|
Basic and advanced movement techniques |
Introduction to mixed climbing |
|
Review of cramponing techniques |
Safe positioning of belays for ice climbing |
|
Ice axe use and placement |
Guide book use |
|
Student top rope set up |
Grading systems |
|
Leading techniques for waterfall ice |
Solidify technical skills from the rock section |
|
Descending systems |
|
Day 75: Day off in Canmore
Avalanche Skills Training - Level 2
Day 76-81: This is the final section of the fall semester. Based on the Canadian Avalanche Centre’s curriculum, the Avalanche Skills Training level 2 course provides advanced training in complex terrain. This section is focused on improving avalanche skills to a high level as we head into the steep and deep of the Rockies or the Selkirk Mountains. We look at practical application of recognizing, evaluating and avoiding avalanche hazard. The group will either be camping or using snow shelters. With completion of this section you will be well prepared to continue with the professional level courses offered by the Canadian Avalanche Association or similar courses in other countries. Day one of this section will be a prep day and will cover more avalanche related material in the classroom.
Objectives of this section will be:
|
Prepare food and equipment |
Receive feedback on leads in complex terrain |
|
Create and execute a trip plan |
Mountain navigation practice |
|
Snow metamorphism |
Safe decision making |
|
Snow stability analysis |
Safe 'test' skiing |
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Snow profiles, Rutsch blocks |
Backcountry skiing |
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Shovel tests and additional field tests |
Use of snow shelters |
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Weather, terrain and the snow pack |
Refine mountain camping and cooking skills |
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Weather, snowpack and avalanche observations |
Winter camping |
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Avalanche danger and stability assessment |
Advanced group rescue practice |
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Hazard recognition and evaluation |
Advanced Transceiver searches |
Course debrief day and graduation dinner in Canmore
Day 82: Individual interviews with the instructors to properly debrief the program and an opportunity to plan how to further develop your mountaineering skills and career. This will be followed by a celebratory graduation dinner where you will be congratulated and awarded your certificates from the program.
Departure
Day 83: The course is closed and students head their ways after a great semester experience.
Course Location
The Yamnuska Mountain School is based in Canmore, Alberta, Canada in the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains just minutes from Banff National Park. Section locations vary according to conditions but we typically range north to the Columbia Icefields, west to Rogers Pass in the Selkirk Mountains and east along the edge of the Rockies in Kananaskis Country. Most program locations are within an hour's drive of our office which means more time spent in the mountains.
Canmore is a vibrant mountain community with lots of great local flavour and community events. It is also a Mecca for the outdoor recreation enthusiast with the possibility of participating in most any mountain sport that you can imagine, from paragliding, to white-water kayaking and of course mountain biking! Located just on hour West of the city of Calgary, living in the mountains doesn't mean isolation from modern conveniences like an international airport and a city full of major shows, events, and sports teams. And as the eastern border of the massive Mountain National Parks system, the abundance of nature and wildlife viewing opportunities is unmatched!
Please plan on arriving in Canmore at least the day before the Semester begins. At an elevation of around 1300m, most people do not suffer any effects from the higher elevation, however it is nice to have a few days to get your bearings before we begin the program.
Transportation
During the program all transportation is supplied in modern 12 - 15 passenger vans. You are welcome to bring your own vehicles, however for most program components it is best to drive with the group to the daily training locations. During evenings, on free days, and during the course break, transportation is not supplied.
Instructor Ratios
The instructor ratio (number of students per instructor) has a very large impact on the quality of the program. Ratios are selected based upon the difficulty and hazard associated with the teaching terrain. On most sections the ratio is 1:6 which is fine for single pitch climbing, general mountain, and ski mountaineering terrain. On multi-pitch climbs and for the advanced alpine mountaineering sections, the ratio will drop to 1:2.
Accommodation
Accommodation is mixed throughout the course. During much of the Semester you will be out in the mountains camping, staying in mountain huts, hostels and even snow caving. Between trips we will be based out of Canmore, Alberta and accommodation is not included. There will be approximately 43 nights where we will be based in Canmore and we can arrange budget hostel accommodation for these "in-town" nights for an additional cost of $1050 CDN. This will be at the modern and centrally located Hostel Bear in downtown Canmore. This hostel is within easy walking distance of all downtown amenities and the Yamnuska office. The hostel features comfortable dorm-type accommodation, common rooms and has a communal kitchen.
Meal Packages
Meals are prepared by our in-house chef from fresh, nutritious ingredients and then dehydrated to make them suitable for backcountry travel. As this program is about developing all round mountain skills, you will be involved in menu planning, food packing and food preparation on out trips. During your time in Canmore, you will have access to many local restaurants, including many around the Hostel Bear. There are also two supermarkets 5 minutes walk away in case you want to prepare your own meals at the Hostel. There are approximately 40 days when you are based in Canmore and when you will be responsible for feeding yourself. We can supply food and easy to prepare meals for these days for an additional cost of $1300 CDN.
PLEASE NOTE: Our kitchen and full-time chef can accommodate many different kinds of dietary restrictions, allergies, and food preferences. For those with specific menu requirements that need supplemental food items or individual pack-outs there is a food surcharge of $450 CDN for the out-trip meal portion and $400 CDN for the Canmore food package option if you choose to take it. This would include Vegetarian, Vegan, Gluten Free, Nut Allergies, etc. This option does not cover gourmet or fully organic meal packages.
Equipment and Clothing
We are in a continental or inland climate that varies greatly in temperatures and weather. On the Fall Semester temperatures range from +20C through early September to -25C in late November and early December. Snow starts falling in mid to late October. We can, however, get early mountain snow storms in September. On the Spring Semester the temperatures in March can be down to -20C and gradually warming to summer like days in June. Snow storms switch to rain about mid April. Bottom line is to be prepared for every type of weather imaginable.
All group camping and all technical gear is supplied with the exception of ski gear, rock shoes and climbing boots. Reasonably priced climbing boot rentals can be arranged during the course but you must make your own arrangements for backcountry ski gear rentals. We recommend Gear Up Sports (403-678-1636) for rentals. You will need to bring your own outdoor clothing and footwear, backpack, sleeping bag and ski gear. Download Gear List (.pdf)
There are several outdoor stores in the area from which you can buy gear and clothing during the Semester. Valhalla Pure in downtown Canmore offers students a 5% discount.
Request an MSS Package here.
Before applying for the Semester you need to open and read the Semester Application Form. This outlines the payment and enrolment process. You will need to download this form, complete it and return it to us (mail or fax), even if you book on-line or by phone.
2012: Spring - March 16 - June 5 - $10, 950 CDN
2012: Fall - September 13- December 3 - $10, 950 CDN
2013: Spring - March 15-June 4 - $11,250 CDN
2013: Fall - September 12-December 3 - $11,250 CDN
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Minimum enrolment is 6 students, an amended program may be offered should enrolment be less.
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$100 refundable gear damage deposit required from all students.
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Tax Receipt issued for tuition costs.
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Ski Ability - you need to be an intermediate skiier/boarder able to link together parallel turns down most intermediate slopes at the ski hill.
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Age restriction - students must be at least 18 years old for our Spring semester and 19 years old for our Fall semester.
Click here for personal information form
Click here for medical form
You can apply for this semester by calling us or on-line by using the button below.
Along with all relevant receipts we will send you a full trip logistical kit (containing meeting times, a list of what to bring and info on how to get here) and a sample copy of our waiver (see sample waiver) which we will ask you to sign when you meet us.
Following interim acceptance of your application you will also need to download the applicant questionnaire for you to fill in and our medical form which we will need your physician to complete. Return both by fax or mail.
There are two basic types of insurance that most travellers need to consider: Medical and Cancellation/Trip Interruption Insurance. We offer our guests coverage for both and highly recommend you purchase it.
Emergency Medical Expenses Insurance:
There is no charge for rescue/evacuation in National Parks so long as you have a valid National Park Entry Pass (included in program). However, it is also wise to ensure that your health plan will cover you in case of illness or accident while here.
Cancellation/Trip Interruption Insurance:
We recognize many of our guests are busy profesionals and their schedules can change without notice. We strongly recommend the optional 'Cancel for any reason' insurance through our adventure insurance provider. Flight delays and other unplanned events are unfortunately a reality and it may not be possible for us to delay a trip departure for a guest(s).
Yamnuska offers a "Gold Deluxe All Inclusive Package" through Travel Guard insurance. This plan is specificaly designed for our semester students or anyone who will be travelling for more than 30 days. The insurance offers comprehensive coverage for all your travel needs including trip cancellation/interruption, emergency medical expenses, and personal effects loss. For more information and to purchase this coverage visit Travel Guard's website.
For the convenience and peace of mind for our guests, we chose Travel Guard as a comprehensive insurance provider. We highly recommend purchasing this insurance and ask that you familiarize yourself with their program and our cancellation policies.
Mountain Skills Semester Booking and Cancellation Policies